Srodne vrste niobija
Niobijum u prahu za metalurgiju
Niobij u prahu se uglavnom priprema metalurgijom praha, a izgled mu je tamno siv. Koristi se za preradu sirovina i proizvodnju šipki za zavarivanje. Prema različitim zahtjevima proizvoda, niobijum prah je podijeljen u tri razreda: FNb-1, FNb-2 i FNb-3. FNb-1 i FNb-2 niobijum u prahu treba da prođe kroz 150um (100 mesh) sito, FNb-3 niobijum u prahu treba da prođe kroz 180um (80 mesh) sito.
Legura niobijum cirkonijuma
Legura nastala dodavanjem metalnog cirkonija metalnom niobiju. Cirkonijum uglavnom postoji u stanju čvrstog rastvora u leguri niobijuma. Kada postoji količina ugljika i ugljika u tragovima ili se doda ugljik u tragovima, mala količina karbida i oksida se raspršuje i taloži. Stoga niobijum{0}}cirkonijum čini da legura ima visoku čvrstoću i dobru plastičnu obradivost. Dobra otpornost na oksidaciju i otpornost na koroziju alkalnih metala.
Niobij pentoksid
Niobijum oksid dobijen tečnom-tečnom ekstrakcijom je bijeli ili svijetložuti prah, koji se koristi za proizvodnju niobijum u prahu, niobijumskih šipki i keramičkih kondenzatora. Prema različitim zahtjevima upotrebe i hemijskom sastavu, proizvodi su podijeljeni u tri razreda: FNb2O5-1, FNb2O5-2 i FNb2O5-3.
Tantal i niobij
It makes sense to put them together and introduce them, because they are the same family in the periodic table, with very similar physical and chemical properties, and they are often "inseparable". "twin brothers". In fact, when people first discovered niobium and tantalum in the early nineteenth century, they thought they were the same element. About forty-two years later, they were separated for the first time by chemical methods, and it became clear that they were two different metals. Like tungsten and molybdenum, niobium and tantalum are rare high-melting-point metals, and their properties and uses have many similarities.
Since they are called rare high melting point metals, the most important feature of niobium and tantalum is of course heat resistance. Their melting points are as high as more than 2,400 degrees Celsius and nearly 3,000 degrees Celsius respectively. Not to mention that ordinary fires can't burn them, even the sea of flames churning in the steel-making furnace can't help them. It is no wonder that tantalum metal is a very suitable material in some high-temperature and high-heat sectors, especially in the manufacture of vacuum heating furnaces of more than 1600 degrees.
The excellent properties of one metal can often be "transplanted" into another metal. Adding niobium as an alloying element to steel can increase the high temperature strength of the steel and improve the processing performance. Niobium and tantalum cooperate with a series of metals such as tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, nickel, and cobalt to obtain "thermally strong alloys" that can be used as structural materials for supersonic jets, rockets, and missiles. Scientists have begun to turn their attention to niobium and tantalum when developing new high-temperature structural materials; many high-temperature, high-strength alloys have this pair of twin brothers participating.
Niobij i tantal su sami po sebi vrlo izdržljivi, a njihovi karbidi su otporniji, što se ne razlikuje od volframa i molibdena. Cementirani karbid izrađen od niobijuma i tantal karbida kao matrice ima visoku čvrstoću, otpornost na kompresiju, otpornost na habanje i otpornost na koroziju. Od svih tvrdih jedinjenja, tantal karbid ima najveću tvrdoću. Alat napravljen od karbida tantal može izdržati visoke temperature ispod 3800 stepeni, njegova tvrdoća može da odgovara onoj dijamanta, a njegov vijek trajanja je duži od volfram karbida.